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Details for anatomical structure: acidophil somatotroph cell of anterior pituitary

EndoNet ID: ENC00002

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Synonyms

acidophil somatotroph cell of anterior pituitary, chromophil cell, Endocrinocytus acidophilus

General information

secreting growth hormone (HGH)

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0011193

Larger structures

  • brain
  • pituitary_gland_of_diencephalon
  • adenohypophysis
  • central_nerve_system_element

Substructures

    Secreted hormones

    • Hormone: angiotensin II

    • Hormone: galanin

    • Hormone: motilin

    • Hormone: TRH

    • Hormone: IGF-1

    • Hormone: GH

      • GH secretion is regulated by indirect negative feedback mechanisms via autocrine actions of GH at the pituitary. [2]

      Influenced by:

      • sst5
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
        • SSTR2 and SSTR5 mediate suppression of GH and TSH secretion. [3]
        • SRIF and CST similarly inhibited (p < 0.05) spontaneous GH secretion of about 90%. [4]
        • Somatostatin induced inhibition of GH secretion is mediated through (SSTR) 2 and 5. [5]
      • GHS-R1
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
      • GHRH-R
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
      • IGF-1R
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
      • sst2
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
        • SSTR2 and SSTR5 mediate suppression of GH and TSH secretion. [3]
        • SRIF and CST similarly inhibited (p < 0.05) spontaneous GH secretion of about 90%. [4]
        • Somatostatin induced inhibition of GH secretion is mediated through (SSTR) 2 and 5. [5]
      • CXCR1
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
        • CINC/gro stiumaletes GH secretion from anterior pituitary monolayer cultures in a concentration-dependent manner with a substantial lag time. [6]
      • leptin receptor
        in acidophil_somatotroph_cell_of_anterior_pituitary
        • Leptin-deficient patients although exhibited normal height, presented decreased GH response to ITT and physical exercise, whereas leptin-resitant patients subjects have significant growth delay during early childhood and decreased GH secretion. [7]
      • GHS-R1
        in hypothalamus
        • GHS-R 1a mediates the classical GH-releasing effect [8]

    Receptors

    • Receptor: GHS-R1

      Influences:

      • GH

    • Receptor: GHRH-R

      Induced phenotype:

      • Growth hormone deficiency
        • One cause of growth hormone deficiency is a mutation in the GHRH-R gene. [9]
      • dwarfism

      Influences:

      • GH

    • Receptor: sst2

      Influences:

      • GH
        • SSTR2 and SSTR5 mediate suppression of GH and TSH secretion. [3]
        • SRIF and CST similarly inhibited (p < 0.05) spontaneous GH secretion of about 90%. [4]
        • Somatostatin induced inhibition of GH secretion is mediated through (SSTR) 2 and 5. [5]

    • Receptor: sst5

      Influences:

      • GH
        • SSTR2 and SSTR5 mediate suppression of GH and TSH secretion. [3]
        • SRIF and CST similarly inhibited (p < 0.05) spontaneous GH secretion of about 90%. [4]
        • Somatostatin induced inhibition of GH secretion is mediated through (SSTR) 2 and 5. [5]

    • Receptor: leptin receptor

      Influences:

      • GH
        • Leptin-deficient patients although exhibited normal height, presented decreased GH response to ITT and physical exercise, whereas leptin-resitant patients subjects have significant growth delay during early childhood and decreased GH secretion. [7]

    • Receptor: IGF-1R

      Induced phenotype:

      • cell growth
        • Insulin-like growth factor-1 mediates regulatory effects on cell growth by activation of IGF-1 receptor. [10]
      • positive regulation of cell proliferation
        • Insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulates proliferation of cells , required for sustained growth of many cells. [11]
      • negative regulation of apoptosis
        • Insulin-like growth factor-1 protects cells from apoptosis. [12]
      • transformation
        • Insulin-like growth factor-1 is required for transformation and maintenance of transformed state. [13]

      Influences:

      • GH

    • Receptor: orexin receptor 1

    • Receptor: CXCR1

      Influences:

      • GH
        • CINC/gro stiumaletes GH secretion from anterior pituitary monolayer cultures in a concentration-dependent manner with a substantial lag time. [6]
    Reference