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Details for anatomical structure: small intestine

EndoNet ID: ENC00127

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Synonyms

small intestine, , Intestinum tenue

General information

The portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum; it is composed of three sections: duodenum, jejunum and ileum; all are involved in the absorption of nutrients; the total length of the small intestine is approximately 22 feet

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0048843

Larger structures

  • parts_of_human_body
  • digestive_system

Substructures

  • epithelial_cell_with_microvilli
  • duodenum
  • cell:plasma_cell
  • ileum
  • memory_cell_T
  • smooth_muscle_cell
  • helper_T_cell_Th1
  • jejunum
  • helper_T_cell_Th2
  • duodenal_enterocyte
  • mast_cell
  • mesenchyme_cell
  • macrophage
  • mucosa_of_small_intestine
  • fibroblast

Secreted hormones

  • Hormone: lipocalin 2

    • NGAL was found in a variety of normal and pathological human tissues (cell type-specific pattern of expression in bronchus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, kidney, prostate gland, and thymus). [1]
  • Hormone: lymphotactin

  • Hormone: PDGFC

  • Hormone: CXCL11

  • Hormone: MCP-2

  • Hormone: MIP-3 beta

  • Hormone: BMP2

  • Hormone: MIP-3 alpha

  • Hormone: TARC

  • Hormone: MCP-4

  • Hormone: SFRP1

  • Hormone: sFRP-2

  • Hormone: laminin alpha-4 chain

  • Hormone: TNFSF18

  • Hormone: APOA1(1-242)

  • Hormone: APOA1

  • Hormone: APOC1

  • Hormone: TNFSF12

  • Hormone: semaphorin 3C

  • Hormone: WISP1

  • Hormone: WISP3

  • Hormone: fractalkine

  • Hormone: SEMA4D

  • Hormone: CXCL16

  • Hormone: RELMbeta

  • Hormone: AGR2

  • Hormone: Cystatin-C

  • Hormone: leukocystatin

  • Hormone: mucin-2

  • Hormone: BD-1

  • Hormone: ECM1a

  • Hormone: IL-17B

  • Hormone: FAM3D

  • Hormone: FAM3B-b

  • Hormone: FGF-23

  • Hormone: FABP2

    • Intestinal-FABP occurs in the enterocytes of small intestine. [3]
  • Hormone: cholecystokinin 39

    • It is well recognized that mammals synthesize CCK peptides in the I-cells of the small intestine, as well as the central nervous system [4]

Receptors

  • Receptor: GL-R

  • Receptor: galanin receptor 3

  • Receptor: PPARgamma1

    • PPARγ1 had the broadest tissue expression(...)PPARγ1 mRNA was found in the heart, large and small intestines, colon, kidney, pancreas, spleen and skeletal muscle. [5]
  • Receptor: histamine H4 receptor

  • Receptor: EP3

  • Receptor: EP4

  • Receptor: TLR7

  • Receptor: glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor

  • Receptor: NPY4-R

  • Receptor: PLXND1

  • Receptor: CysLTR1

  • Receptor: apelin receptor

  • Receptor: hepatocyte growth factor receptor

  • Receptor: LXR-alpha

  • Receptor: IL-18R1

  • Receptor: PXR

  • Receptor: TACI

  • Receptor: DR4

  • Receptor: galanin receptor 1

    Induced phenotype:

    • eating behavior
      • Galanin modulates food intake with a preference for fat. [6]
    • induction of smooth muscle contraction
      • Galanin induces smooth muscle contration in intestine. [6]
  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4

  • Receptor: Ovarian cancer G-protein coupled receptor 1

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3

  • Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2

  • Receptor: Psychosine receptor

  • Receptor: PPAR beta/delta

    • A study with human tissues showed that PPARä was present in liver, intestine, kidney, abdominal adipose, and skeletal muscle, tissues that are all involved in aspects of lipid metabolism [5]
Reference