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Details for anatomical structure: stomach

EndoNet ID: ENC00132

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Synonyms

stomach, gaster, Gaster

General information

A large irregularly piriform sac between the oesophagus and the small intestine, the most dilated portion of the digestive tube, lying just beneath the diaphragm; it has a capacity of about 1 liter

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0047748

Larger structures

  • parts_of_human_body
  • digestive_system

Substructures

  • smooth_muscle_cell
  • cell:plasma_cell
  • oxyntic_cell_of_gastric_gland
  • lymphocyte
  • mast_cell
  • mucosa_of_gastric_wall
  • zymogenic_cell_of_gastric_gland
  • mesenchyme_cell
  • G_cell
  • macrophage
  • fibroblast

Secreted hormones

  • Hormone: ghrelin

    Influenced by:

    • GL-R
      in stomach
      • These results suggest that glucagon stimulates acute release of both forms of ghrelin and thereafter upregulates synthesis and release of desacyl-ghrelin in the rat stomach. [1]

  • Hormone: lipocalin 2

    • NGAL was found in a variety of normal and pathological human tissues (cell type-specific pattern of expression in bronchus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, kidney, prostate gland, and thymus). [2]

  • Hormone: TFF1

    • Found in stomach [3]

  • Hormone: TFF2

  • Hormone: MIP-3 beta

  • Hormone: hepcidin

  • Hormone: BCA-1

  • Hormone: MCP-4

  • Hormone: AGR2

  • Hormone: Cystatin-C

  • Hormone: NPW23

  • Hormone: NPW30

  • Hormone: REG1A

  • Hormone: IL-17B

  • Hormone: FGF-23

  • Hormone: GRP

    Influenced by:

    • GRP-R
      in stomach
      • Stimulation of gastrin release from antral G-cells [4]

Receptors

  • Receptor: GL-R

    Influences:

    • ghrelin
      • These results suggest that glucagon stimulates acute release of both forms of ghrelin and thereafter upregulates synthesis and release of desacyl-ghrelin in the rat stomach. [1]

  • Receptor: sst1

  • Receptor: sst2

  • Receptor: sst5

  • Receptor: sst3

  • Receptor: sst4

  • Receptor: TLR7

  • Receptor: glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor

  • Receptor: frizzled 3

  • Receptor: GRP-R

    Influences:

    • GRP
      • Stimulation of gastrin release from antral G-cells [4]

  • Receptor: hepatocyte growth factor receptor

  • Receptor: CRF-R1

  • Receptor: CRF-R2

  • Receptor: neurotensin receptor type 1

    Induced phenotype:

    • decrease in gastric acid secretion

  • Receptor: PRLR

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5

  • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2

  • Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2

  • Receptor: 5-HT-2B

    Induced phenotype:

    • gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction
      • 5-HT 2B receptors are found peripherally in the stomach fundus and contraction of the rat stomach fundus via these receptors has been elicited. [5]

  • Receptor: CCK-1

    Induced phenotype:

    • inhibition of gastric emptying
      • In humans strong evidence suggests CCK1R activation is involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes, including inhibition of gastric emptying. [6]
Reference