Status
Please wait ...

Details for anatomical structure: alpha cell of islet of Langerhans

EndoNet ID: ENC00180

To link to the content of EndoNet use the EndoNet ID that is given on the detail pages in the format ENX0000, where X is a place holder for the type of the component (e. g. R for receptor or C for anatomical structure).
As URL for the linking append this ID to the detail page for this type of component.
For an hormone that would be: 

http://endonet.bioinf.med.uni-goettingen.de/hormone/ENH00000

It is also possible to use the search of EndoNet to link to the right detail page. The URL should look like 

http://endonet.bioinf.med.uni-goettingen.de/search/ENC00000
If the search pattern is unambigious the user is directed to the corresponding detail page.

Synonyms

alpha cell of islet of Langerhans, , Endocrinocytus alpha

General information

secreting glucagon; glucagon is raising the blood sugar level and is a catecholamine agonist

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0011209

Larger structures

  • parts_of_human_body
  • digestive_system
  • pancreas
  • pancreatic_islets

Substructures

    Secreted hormones

    • Hormone: ghrelin

      • Ghrelin is present in pancreatic alpha-cells of humans and rats and stimulates insulin secretion. [1]

    • Hormone: glucagon

      • Amylin suppresses glucagon secretion from the alpha cells in the postprandial state. [2]
      • The pancreatic alpha-cell is under the tonic inhibitory control of GLP-1 thereby suppressing postprandial glucagon. [3]

      Influenced by:

      • sst2
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
        • Subtype-selective SSTR expression in islet cells could be the basis of glucagon inhibition by SSTR2-selective compounds. [4]
      • sst3
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
      • sst5
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
      • insulin receptor
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
      • CCK-2
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
        • The CCK-B/G receptor agonists gastrin and cholecystokinin stimulated the release of glucagon in a dose-dependent manner. [5]
      • GLP-1R
        in alpha_cell_of_islet_of_Langerhans
        • This is supported by the observation that GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon release from a glucagon-secreting cell line [6]

    • Hormone: CRH

      • Co-localization of CRH, GIP, PP and CCK in A-cells was determined by immunocytochemistry. S.456 [7]

    • Hormone: GIP

    • Hormone: pancreatic polypeptide

    • Hormone: cholecystokinin

    • Hormone: glicentin-related polypeptide

    Receptors

    • Receptor: sst2

      Influences:

      • glucagon
        • Subtype-selective SSTR expression in islet cells could be the basis of glucagon inhibition by SSTR2-selective compounds. [4]

    • Receptor: sst1

    • Receptor: sst5

      Influences:

      • glucagon

    • Receptor: sst3

      Influences:

      • glucagon

    • Receptor: insulin receptor

      Influences:

      • glucagon

    • Receptor: GLP-1R

      • The effects of GLP-1 or exenatide on glucagon levels during stepped hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic clamps provided the first information about GLP-1 receptor activation and alpha cell glucose sensing in human subjects. [6]

      Influences:

      • glucagon
        • This is supported by the observation that GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon release from a glucagon-secreting cell line [6]

    • Receptor: CCK-2

      Influences:

      • glucagon
        • The CCK-B/G receptor agonists gastrin and cholecystokinin stimulated the release of glucagon in a dose-dependent manner. [5]
    Reference