Details for anatomical structure: epithelial cell
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- Related structures
- Hormones
- Receptors
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Synonyms
epithelial cell, cell of epithelium,Links to other resources
Cytomer | cy0044695 |
Related structures
Larger structures
Substructures
Secreted hormones
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Hormone: lipocalin 2
- NGAL expressed in granulocytes and epithelial cells in pathological conditions, such as inflammation and malignancy. [1]
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Hormone: alpha-AGP
- AGP, a highly glycosylated polypeptide chain, is expressed in human liver and in other cells, including human breast epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and cultured human granulocytes and monocytes. [2]
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Hormone: laminin gamma-3 chain
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Hormone: IL-11
- IL-11 is produced by a variety of stromal cells including fibroblasts, epithelial cells and osteoblasts. [3]
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Hormone: ICAM-1
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Hormone: IL-18
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Hormone: GROalpha
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Hormone: ENA-78
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Hormone: IL-7
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Hormone: PDGFD
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Hormone: IL-15
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Hormone: sVEGFR-2
- Skin epithelium is also a source of circulating sVegfr-2. [4]
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Hormone: CTGF
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Hormone: laminin gamma-2 chain
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Hormone: AGR2
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Hormone: uteroglobin
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Hormone: laminin alpha-5 chain
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Hormone: laminin beta-3 chain
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Hormone: IL-32
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Hormone: HB-EGF
Influenced by:
- PAF-R
in
epithelial_cell
- PAFR transduces the signal to EGFR via ADAM10-dependent proteolysis of transmembrane HB-EGF. [5]
- PAF-R
in
epithelial_cell
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Hormone: PGE2
- The invasion of epithelial cells in vitro by C. parvum results in the rapid expression of anti-microbial peptides (e.g., beta-defensins) and the inflammatory chemokines including IL-8, TNF-alpha, and prostaglandin E2, etc. [6]
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Hormone: TNF-alpha
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Hormone: BD-2
- Infection of human epithelial cells with mycobacteria induces HBD-2 mRNA expression in vitro. [7]
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Hormone: BD-1
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Hormone: galectin-7
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Hormone: EGF
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Hormone: osteopontin
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Hormone: IL-1F9-1
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Hormone: Granulin-1
Receptors
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Receptor: H1
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Receptor: H2
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Receptor: PPAR-gamma1
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Receptor: glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor
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Receptor: hepatocyte growth factor receptor
Induced phenotype:
- branching morphogenesis
- CD100/Sema4D, as well as scatter factor, triggers invasive growth - this phenomenon is a complex program including branching morphogenesis, in which cells acquire polarity and form tubules arranged like branches of a tree. [8]
- positive regulation of cell growth
- CD100/Sema4D, as well as scatter factor, triggers invasive growth - this phenomenon is a complex program including cell-cell-dissociation and anchorage-independent growth. [8]
- branching morphogenesis
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Receptor: EGFR isoform a
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Receptor: PAF-R
Influences:
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Receptor: TLR4
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Receptor: IL-1RI
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Receptor: integrin alpha-5/beta-1
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Receptor: CaSR
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Receptor: IL-15R alpha
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Receptor: TrpV4-A
Induced phenotype:
- negative regulation of cell volume
- TRPV4 channel is the only pathway mediating the swelling-activated Ca2+ entry required to achieve a full RVD in human tracheal epithelial cells. [9]
- Human airway epithelia show a typical Ca2+-dependent cell regularoty volume decrease (RVD) under hypotonic conditions. [10]
- Impaired RVD response in Cystic Fibrosis airway epithelia is caused by a misregulation of TRPV4, suggesting that hypotonic activation of TRPV4 channels is cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-dependent. [9]
- negative regulation of cell volume
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Receptor: TNFR1
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Receptor: melanocortin receptor 5
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Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1
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Receptor: mineralcorticoid receptor
Induced phenotype:
- multicellular organismal water homeostasis
- The classical effects of MR signalling are in epithelial tissues where activation promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, and is therefore crucial for salt and water retention. [11]
- multicellular organismal water homeostasis
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Receptor: Interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha-1
- issues that gave positive signals included placenta, skin, inflamed appendix, lung, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, thymus, and spleen [12]