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Details for anatomical structure: lymph node

EndoNet ID: ENC00306

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Synonyms

lymph node, , Nodus Lymphaticus

General information

Rounded mass of lymphoid tissue surrounded by a capsule of connectivum sited in various parts of the body in the course of the lymphatic vessels; numerous round, oval or bean-shaped bodies, varying greatly in size (1 to 25 mm in diameter) and usually presenting a depressed area, the hilum, on one side through which blood vessels enter and efferent lymph vessels emerge

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0049566

Larger structures

  • immune_system

Substructures

  • alveolar_macrophage
  • B-lymphocyte
  • cell:plasma_cell
  • T-lymphocyte
  • dendritic_cell_in_lymphoid_tissues_follicular
  • suppressor_T_cell
  • memory_cell_T
  • dendritic_cell_in_lymphoid_tissues
  • monocyte
  • endothelial_cell
  • helper_T_cell_Th1
  • killer_T_cell
  • helper_T_cell_Th2
  • lymphocyte
  • mast_cell
  • macrophage
  • fibroblast

Secreted hormones

  • Hormone: BCA-1

  • Hormone: MIP-3 alpha

  • Hormone: MCP-4

  • Hormone: PARC

  • Hormone: BAFF

  • Hormone: CXCL16

  • Hormone: follicular dendritic cell secreted peptide

  • Hormone: IL-22

  • Hormone: IL-22BP

  • Hormone: CD5L

  • Hormone: FGF-23

  • Hormone: sphingosine 1-phosphate

    • In the lymph, S1P levels are in the hundred-nanomolar range. [1]

Receptors

  • Receptor: TLR2

  • Receptor: TLR9

  • Receptor: TLR10

  • Receptor: RP105

    • Polymerase chain reaction analysis of isolated primary human cell populations confirms that mRNA exists in spleen B lymphocytes and monocytes but not T lymphocytes [2]

  • Receptor: laminin receptor

  • Receptor: TNFRSF18 isoform 1

    • The receptor is expressed in lymph node and peripheral blood leukocytes. [3]

    Induced phenotype:

    • leukocyte migration
      • TNFRSF18 and its ligand may be involved in activated T cell trafficking. [3]

  • Receptor: TNFRSF13C

    • Northern blot analysis on human tissues revealed that TNFRSF13C is expressed as a 4.5-kb mRNA in the secondary lymphoid organs. High levels of TNFRSF13C mRNA were detected in the lymph nodes. [4]

    Induced phenotype:

    • negative regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis
      • TNFRSF13C has a important role in mediating normal immune function. [5]
      • Mice expressing a mutant form of this receptor show severe defects in B-cell development and survival and in T lymphocate-dependent immune respose. [6]

  • Receptor: CCR9

  • Receptor: D6

  • Receptor: TCCR

  • Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4

  • Receptor: PAR1

    Induced phenotype:

    • positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation
      • PAR1-mediated activation of DCs in the lymph nodes leads to SPHK1 activation and autocrine transactivation of S1PR3. [7]

  • Receptor: Probable G-protein coupled receptor 132

    Induced phenotype:

    • lymphocyte homeostasis
      • Disruption of G2A in mice leads to immunological disorders. The G2A(-/-) mice develop enlarged lymph nodes with abnormal expansion of both T- and B-lymphocytes. [8]

  • Receptor: G-protein coupled receptor 4

  • Receptor: Psychosine receptor

  • Receptor: Interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha-1

    • issues that gave positive signals included placenta, skin, inflamed appendix, lung, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, thymus, and spleen [9]
Reference