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Details for anatomical structure: Schwann cell

EndoNet ID: ENC00419

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Synonyms

Schwann cell, , Neurolemmocytus

General information

encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0011352

Larger structures

  • brain
  • peripheral_nerve_system_element
  • spinal_cord
  • central_nerve_system_element
  • circulatory_system__hematopoietic_system
  • glial_cell_of_peripheral_nervous_system
  • parts_of_human_body
  • digestive_system
  • blood_vessel
  • adrenal_gland
  • oesophagus
  • dorsal_root_ganglion
  • nerve

Substructures

    Secreted hormones

    • Hormone: laminin alpha-2 chain

    • Hormone: DHH

    Receptors

    • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1

      Induced phenotype:

      • regulation of myelination
        • Schwann cells (SCs) are the myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system. SCs express LPA1 and activation of this receptor is known to affect processes associated with myelination. [1]
      • regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization
        • LPA also induced dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cellular adhesion properties in primary rat SCs, which suggests a critical role for LPA signaling in SC motility and myelination. [1]
      • negative regulation of glial cell apoptosis
        • LPA-mediated SC survival was confirmed in vivo, as mice deficient for LPA1 revealed increased apoptosis of SCs in the sciatic nerves. [2]
      • myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system
        • In addition to the role for myelination during developmental stages, evidence indicates a role for LPA signaling in remyelination after injuries such as neuropathic pain and nerve transection where LPA1 is upregulated despite very low levels under basal conditions. [3]

    • Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2

      Induced phenotype:

      • myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system
        • LPA2 signaling appears to be involved in SC function, because its activation results in the upregulation of myelin P0 protein in cultured SCs. [4]
      • myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system
        • In addition to the role for myelination during developmental stages, evidence indicates a role for LPA signaling in remyelination after injuries such as neuropathic pain and nerve transection where LPA2 is upregulated despite very low levels under basal conditions. [3]
      • regulation of myelination
        • Schwann cells (SCs) are the myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system. SCs express LPA2, and activation of this receptor is known to affect processes associated with myelination. [5]
    Reference