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Details for anatomical structure: cerebral cortex

EndoNet ID: ENC00487

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Synonyms

cerebral cortex, , Cortex cerebri

General information

The outer layer of gray matter of the cerebrum and cerebellum

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0018657

Larger structures

  • brain
  • central_nerve_system_element

Substructures

  • isocortex
  • glial_cell_of_central_nervous_system
  • astrocyte
  • microglial_cell_in_central_nervous_system
  • oligodendrocyte
  • neuron
  • bergmann_glia

Secreted hormones

  • Hormone: ADNP

  • Hormone: acetylcholine

    Influenced by:

    • 5-HT3 receptor
      in frontal_lobe
      • Acitvated 5-HT-3 receptors decreases the potassium-evoked release of acetycholine in slices of the central cortex. [1]
    • 5-ht-6R
      in frontal_lobe
      • The stimulation of 5-HT6 receptors mediate an inhibitory serotoninergic effect to the ACh release in the frontal cortex. [2]
      • Constitutively activated 5-HT6 receptors inhibite cholinergic neurotransmission. [3]
    • 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4
      in frontal_lobe
      • The stimulation of 5-HT4 receptors increase the cortical ACh release in the frontal cortex. [4]
      • Stimualted 5-HT4 receptors increase the extracellular concentration of ACh in the frontal cortex. [5]
    • 5-HT-2A
      in frontal_lobe
      • Acitvation of the 5-HT2 receptors stimulate the release of ACh in the prefontal cortex. [6]
    • 5-HT-2B
      in frontal_lobe
      • Acitvation of the 5-HT2 receptors stimulate the release of ACh in the prefontal cortex. [6]
    • 5-HT-2C
      in frontal_lobe
      • Acitvation of the 5-HT2 receptors stimulate the release of ACh in the prefontal cortex. [6]
    • alpha-2A adrenoreceptor
      in cerebellar_cortex
      • Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors mediate synaptic transmission in pre- and postsynaptic nerve terminals by decreasing the release of norepinephrine (due to the inhibition of the norepinephrine system in the brain) and acetylcholine. [7]
    • alpha-2B adrenoreceptor
      in cerebellar_cortex
      • Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors mediate synaptic transmission in pre- and postsynaptic nerve terminals by decreasing the release of norepinephrine (due to the inhibition of the norepinephrine system in the brain) and acetylcholine. [7]
    • alpha-2C adrenoreceptor
      in cerebellar_cortex
      • Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors mediate synaptic transmission in pre- and postsynaptic nerve terminals by decreasing the release of norepinephrine (due to the inhibition of the norepinephrine system in the brain) and acetylcholine. [7]

Receptors

  • Receptor: ADAM17

  • Receptor: CB1

    Influences:

    • serotonin
      • Stimulation of the CB1 receptor results in the inhibition of a range of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine, noradrenaline, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, D-aspartate and cholecystokinin. [8]

  • Receptor: mGluR1

    Influences:

    • sAPP
      • Glutamate-induced APP-S secretion required activation of phospholipase C, which resulted in inositol 1, 4,5-trisphosphate production, as shown by the rapid glutamate-induced accumulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. [9]

  • Receptor: FGFR-2

    Induced phenotype:

    • regulation of neuron differentiation
      • FGF-2 functions in the control of neuronal cell differentiation but is not essential for proliferation [10]

  • Receptor: 5-HT-1D

  • Receptor: 5-HT-2C

  • Receptor: NPSR1

Reference