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Details for messenger / hormone: AGRP

EndoNet ID: ENH00139

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Synonyms

  • agouti-related peptide
  • AGRT
  • agouti-related protein
  • AGRP
  • AgrP
  • AgRP

General information

  • Hypothalamic neurotransmitter that stimulates food intake and reduces energy expenditure by antagonizing melanocortin receptors. [1]
  • Leptin inhibits neurons that increase food intake including those expressing NPY and AGRP. [2]
  • The endogenous melanocortin antagonists are agouti and agouti-related protein (AGRP). [3]

Classification

Hormone function

  • CNS function
    • neurotransmitter
    • metabolism
      • nutrient supply

      Chemical classification

      Composition

      Sequence 
      AQMGLAPME GIRRPDQAL LPELPGLGL 
RAPLKKTTA EQAEEDLLQ EAQALAEVL 
DLQDREPRS SRRCVRLHE SCLGQQVPC 
CDPCATCYC RFFNAFCYC RKLGTAMNP 
CSRT

      Links to other resources

      UniProt O00253
      Ensembl ENST00000393941
      KEGG hsa:181

      • Anatomical structure: arcuate_nucleus_of_hypothalamus

        • Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) are potent food-stimulating neuropeptides that are highly co-localised in arcuate nucleus neurons of the hypothalamus. [4]
        • The orexigenic neuropeptides that are downregulated by leptin are NPY, MCH, orexins, and AGRP. [5]

        Influenced by:

        • leptin receptor
          in arcuate_nucleus_of_hypothalamus
        • insulin receptor
          in arcuate_nucleus_of_hypothalamus
        • GHS-R1
          in arcuate_nucleus_of_hypothalamus
        • NPY2-R
          in arcuate_nucleus_of_hypothalamus

      • Anatomical structure: adrenal_gland

      • Anatomical structure: kidney

      • Anatomical structure: lung

      • Anatomical structure: skin

      • Anatomical structure: testis

      Targets

      Cellmelanocortin receptor 3melanocortin-4 receptor
      adipose tissue Present
      Influences
      • ↓ leptin
      arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus Present
      Phenotypes
      • negative regulation of appetite
      		Present
      Phenotypes
      • negative regulation of appetite
      heart Present
      paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus Present
      Phenotypes
      • promotion of positive energy balance
      • negative regulation of appetite
      • obesity
      		Present
      Phenotypes
      • promotion of positive energy balance
      • negative regulation of appetite
      • obesity
      testis Present
      Reference