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Details for messenger / hormone: activin A

EndoNet ID: ENH00180

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Synonyms

  • activin A
  • inhibin beta A:inhibin beta A
  • activin beta-A
  • inhibin beta-1
  • FRP
  • follicle-stimulating, hormone-releasing protein
  • FSH-releasing protein
  • FSH-releasing factor
  • EDF
  • erythroid differentiation factor

General information

  • Activin binds to a type II receptor (either ActRIIa or ActRIIb), which recruits and activates a type I receptor [ActRIa (ALK-2; activin receptor-like kinase-2) or ActRIb (ALK-4)]. [1]
  • Regulates embryogenesis, osteogenesis, hematopoiesis, reproductive physiology and hormone secretion from the hypothalamic, pituitary and gonadal glands.
  • The interaction between activin and follistatin plays an important role in hypertrophic scar formation and evolution. [2]

Classification

Hormone function

  • homeostasis
    • further hormone secretion
    • development and growth
      • growth stimulation
      • reproduction and sexual differentiation
        • sexual differentiation

        Chemical classification

        • hormone
          • genome-encoded
            • cytokines
              • TGF-beta family

          Composition

          inhibin beta A chain (2 times)

          Sequence 
          GLECDGKVN ICCKKQFFV SFKDIGWND 
WIIAPSGYH ANYCEGECP SHIAGTSGS 
SLSFHSTVI NHYRMRGHS PFANLKSCC 
VPTKLRPMS MLYYDDGQN IIKKDIQNM 
IVEECGCS

          Links to other resources

          • Anatomical structure: cell_of_endometrium_of_uterus

            • Activin A is expressed and produced by both the embryo and the human endometrial epithelium during the menstrual cycle. [3]
            • In early pregnancy, activin A may facilitate implantation, because of its ability to promote cytotrophoblast differentiation towards an invasive phenotype and to stimulate the production of paracrine or endocrine agents involved in invasion such as placental hormones. [3]
            • Activin A is a candidate paracrine agent for promotion of stromal cell decidualization. [1]
            • Activin betaA and betaB subunits are produced by human endometrium, predominantly by epithelial cells in non-pregnant endometrium. [1]

          Targets

          CellACTRIIA
          basophil gonadotroph cell of anterior pituitary FSH Present
          Influences
          • ↑ FSH
          • ↑ LH
          cell of endometrium of uterus Present
          Phenotypes
          • cell differentiation
          Reference