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Details for messenger / hormone: IL-12

EndoNet ID: ENH00259

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Synonyms

  • IL-12
  • IL-12A:IL-12B
  • interleukin 12

General information

  • Concanavalin A-induced liver injury is augmented by interleukin 12. [1]
  • IL-12 is required for differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cell effectors that cause myocarditis. [2]
  • Interleukin-12 suppresses ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis by inducing DNA repair. [3]
  • Target organs of IL-12 common to several animal species and humans include the lymphohematopoietic system, intestines, liver, and lung. [4]
  • IL-12 is a potent antitumoral cytokine, but it can be toxic at high doses. [5]

Classification

Hormone function

  • development and growth
    • growth stimulation
    • immune response
      • activation

      Chemical classification

      • hormone
        • genome-encoded
          • cytokines

      Composition

      IL-12A (1 times)

      • P40 is expressed only in IL-12-producing cells. [6]
      • Only the heterodimeric form (IL-12A:IL-12B) of these hormone is biologically active. [6]
      Sequence 
      RNLPVATPD PGMFPCLHH SQNLLRAVS 
NMLQKARQT LEFYPCTSE EIDHEDITK 
DKTSTVEAC LPLELTKNE SCLNSRETS 
FITNGSCLA SRKTSFMMA LCLSSIYED 
LKMYQVEFK TMNAKLLMD PKRQIFLDQ 
NMLAVIDEL MQALNFNSE TVPQKSSLE 
EPDFYKTKI KLCILLHAF RIRAVTIDR 
VMSYLNAS
      UniProt P29459

      IL-12B (1 times)

      • P35 can also be expressed in some non-IL-12-producing cell types. [6]
      Sequence 
      IWELKKDVY VVELDWYPD APGEMVVLT 
CDTPEEDGI TWTLDQSSE VLGSGKTLT 
IQVKEFGDA GQYTCHKGG EVLSHSLLL 
LHKKEDGIW STDILKDQK EPKNKTFLR 
CEAKNYSGR FTCWWLTTI STDLTFSVK 
SSRGSSDPQ GVTCGAATL SAERVRGDN 
KEYEYSVEC QEDSACPAA EESLPIEVM 
VDAVHKLKY ENYTSSFFI RDIIKPDPP 
KNLQLKPLK NSRQVEVSW EYPDTWSTP 
HSYFSLTFC VQVQGKSKR EKKDRVFTD 
KTSATVICR KNASISVRA QDRYYSSSW 
SEWASVPCS
      UniProt P29460

      Links to other resources

      • Anatomical structure: dendritic_cell_in_lymphoid_tissues

        • DC produce high levels of IL-12, the major cytokine responsible for the generation of inflammatory Th1 cells. [7]

        Influenced by:

        • biliary glycoprotein 1
          in neutrophil_granulocyte
          • 451 Evidence in mice suggests that biliary glycoprotein activation on murine dendritic cells causes IL-6 and IL-12 release. 1410 [8]

      • Anatomical structure: monocyte

        • Monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells produce IL-12 in response to a variety of stimuli, including bacterial products. [9]
        • Monocytes are the main IL-12-producing cells in LPS-stimulated human blood. [6]

        Influenced by:

        • IFNGR1
          in monocyte
          • 1000 U/ml IFN-gamma increased Il-12(p70) production 15-fold. [6]
          • Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-LPS alone did not stimulate IL-12 production, a combination of A. actinomycetemcomitans-LPS and IFN-gamma significantly induced IL-12 production in monocytes. [9]
          • In the absence of LPS, IFN-gamma did not induce p70 or p40 production. [6]
        • EP4
          in monocyte
          • PGE2 inhibits IL-12 production via EP4 receptors by monocytes challenged with A. actinomycetemcomitans-LPS and IFN-gamma. [9]
        • IL-10R-alpha
          in monocyte
          • In LPS-stimulated whole blood and purified monocytes, IL-12(p70) and IL-12B(p40) production are enhanced by IFN-gamma and inhibited by IL-10 and IL-4. [6]
          • IL-10 inhibited p70 completely, and p40 about 10-fold. [6]
        • IL-4R type l
          in monocyte
          • The effect of 300 U/ml IL-4 on p70 production varied between donors, resulting in either no effect or a 2-fold decrease in the p70 production. [6]

      • Anatomical structure: macrophage

      Targets

      CellIL-12RIL-12R-beta1
      No records found.
      Reference