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Details for messenger / hormone: TGF-alpha

EndoNet ID: ENH00314

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Synonyms

  • protransforming growth factor alpha
  • TGF-alpha
  • TGFalpha
  • transforming growth factor alpha
  • EGF-like TGF
  • ETGF
  • TGF type 1
  • TGF alpha

General information

  • Both an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of PKC lead to activation of an extracellular metalloproteinase that acts on the membrane bound precursors of EGF-receptor ligands including HB-EGF, amphiregulin and TGF-alpha. [1]

Classification

Hormone function

  • development and growth
    • growth stimulation

    Chemical classification

    • hormone
      • genome-encoded
        • cytokines
          • EGF family

      Composition

      Sequence 
      VVSHFNDCP DSHTQFCFH GTCRFLVQE 
DKPACVCHS GYVGARCEH ADLLA
      UniProt P01135

      Links to other resources

      UniProt P01135
      Ensembl ENST00000295400
      KEGG hsa:7039

      • Anatomical structure: hepatocyte

        Influenced by:

        • TNFR1
          in hepatocyte
          • In primary hepatocyte cultures, TNF not only potentiates growth factor-stimulated proliferation, but acts as a mitogen itself through the induced release of autocrine transforming growth factor- (TGF-) and its activation of serine-threonine protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). [2]
        • TNFR2
          in hepatocyte
          • In primary hepatocyte cultures, TNF not only potentiates growth factor-stimulated proliferation, but acts as a mitogen itself through the induced release of autocrine transforming growth factor- (TGF-) and its activation of serine-threonine protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). [2]

      Targets

      CellADAM17CD9 antigenEGFR isoform a
      astrocyte Present
      brain Present
      cerebellar cortex Present
      cerebral cortex Present
      continuous vascular endothelial cell of blood vessels and lymphatics Present
      Phenotypes
      • regulation of angiogenesis
      digestive system Present
      epithelial cell Present
      epithelial cell with microvilli Present
      Influences
      • ↑ mucin-2
      G cell Present
      Influences
      • ↑ gastrin
      hepatocyte Present
      Influences
      • ↑ IL-1 alpha
      • ↑ IL-1 beta
      hippocampus Present
      keratinocyte Present
      lipocyte of liver Present
      Phenotypes
      • positive regulation of cell proliferation and apotosis
      lung Present
      macrophage Present
      monocyte Present
      Phenotypes
      • ectodomain shedding
      neuron Present
      neutrophil granulocyte Present
      Phenotypes
      • ectodomain shedding
      		Present
      Influences
      • ↑ IL-8
      placenta Present
      T-lymphocyte Present
      Phenotypes
      • ectodomain shedding
      uterus Present
      Reference