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Details for messenger / hormone: osteocalcin

EndoNet ID: ENH00450

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Synonyms

  • bone Gla protein
  • BGLAP
  • OC
  • osteocalcin
  • bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein
  • gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein
  • bone Gla-protein
  • BGP

General information

  • The vitamin-K-dependent biosynthesis of osteocalcin occurs in bone, and the protein is not homologous to the Gla-containing regions of known vitamin-K-dependent blood coagulation proteins. [1]
  • The osteocalcin gene promoter is stimulated by vitamins A and D, and inhibited by cell-growth factors Jun-Fos. [2]
  • Osteocalcin makes 1-2% of the total bone protein, and is a secreted protein. It binds strongly to apatite and calcium.
  • In addition to binding to hydroxyapatite, osteocalcin functions in cell signalling and the recruitment of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, which have active roles in bone resorption and deposition, respectively. [3]
  • Osteocalcin is a small protein uniquely produced by osteoblasts and odontoblasts. [4]
  • Bone-specific transcription of the osteocalcin (OC) gene is principally regulated by the Runx2 transcription factor and further stimulated in response to 1alpha,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 via its specific receptor (VDR). [5]
  • Vitamin K deficiency results in an increase in undercarboxylated osteocalcin, a protein with low biological activity. [6]

Classification

Hormone function

  • metabolism
    • cell metabolism

    Chemical classification

    Composition

    Osteocalcin chain

    Sequence 
    YLYQWLGAP VPYPDPLEP RREVCELNP 
DCDELADHI GFQEAYRRF YGPV
    UniProt P02818

    Links to other resources

    UniProt P02818
    Ensembl ENST00000368272
    KEGG hsa:632

    • Anatomical structure: bone_marrow

    • Anatomical structure: osteoblast

    • Anatomical structure: osteocyte

    • Anatomical structure: platelet

    Targets

    CellG-protein coupled receptor GPCR33
    Leydig cell of testis Present
    Influences
    • ↑ testosterone
    Reference