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Details for messenger / hormone: TNFSF12

EndoNet ID: ENH00552

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Synonyms

  • TNFSF12
  • tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12
  • TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis
  • TWEAK
  • APO3 ligand

General information

  • TWEAK, a member of the TNF superfamily, is a multifunctional cytokine that binds the TweakR/Fn14 receptor. [1]
  • TWEAK is a member of the TNF ligand family that induces angiogenesis in vivo. [2]
  • TWEAK is a cell surface-associated type II transmembrane protein, but a smaller, biologically active form can also be shed into the extracellular milieu. [1]
  • TWEAK has multiple biological activities, including stimulation of cell growth and angiogenesis, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and under some experimental conditions, stimulation of apoptosis. [1]
  • TWEAK can induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in macrophages. [3]
  • TWEAK-induced activation of MMP-9 is mediated by activation of NF-kappaB. [3]

Classification

Hormone function

  • development and growth
    • growth stimulation
      • apoptosis

      Chemical classification

      • hormone
        • genome-encoded
          • cytokines
            • TNF family

        Composition

        TNFSF12, secreted form

        Sequence 
        SAPKGRKTR ARRAIAAHY EVHPRPGQD 
GAQAGVDGT VSGWEEARI NSSSPLRYN 
RQIGEFIVT RAGLYYLYC QVHFDEGKA 
VYLKLDLLV DGVLALRCL EEFSATAAS 
SLGPQLRLC QVSGLLALR PGSSLRIRT 
LPWAHLKAA PFLTYFGLF QVH

        Links to other resources

        UniProt O43508
        Ensembl ENST00000293825
        KEGG hsa:8742

        • Anatomical structure: heart

        • Anatomical structure: pancreas

        • Anatomical structure: skeleton_muscle

        • Anatomical structure: small_intestine

        • Anatomical structure: spleen

        Targets

        CellTNFRSF12A
        continuous vascular endothelial cell of blood vessels and lymphatics Present
        Phenotypes
        • regulation of endothelial cell migration
        heart Present
        Phenotypes
        • positive regulation of smooth muscle proliferation
        kidney Present
        smooth muscle Present
        Phenotypes
        • positive regulation of smooth muscle proliferation
        smooth muscle cell Present
        Phenotypes
        • positive regulation of smooth muscle proliferation
        vascularendothelial cell Present
        Phenotypes
        • positive regulation of cell proliferation
        Reference