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Details for messenger / hormone: renin

EndoNet ID: ENH00612

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Synonyms

  • renin
  • angiotensinogenase
  • REN

General information

  • Endopeptidase, generates angiotensin 1 from angiotensinogen in the plasma.
  • Renin catalyzes the first step in the activation pathway of angiotensinogen, a cascade that can result in aldosterone release, vasoconstriction, and increase in blood pressure.

Classification

Hormone function

  • homeostasis
    • further hormone secretion

    Chemical classification

    • hormone
      • genome-encoded

    Composition

    isoform 1

    Sequence 
    LTLGNTTSS VILTNYMDT QYYGEIGIG 
TPPQTFKVV FDTGSSNVW VPSSKCSRL 
YTACVYHKL FDASDSSSY KHNGTELTL 
RYSTGTVSG FLSQDIITV GGITVTQMF 
GEVTEMPAL PFMLAEFDG VVGMGFIEQ 
AIGRVTPIF DNIISQGVL KEDVFSFYY 
NRDSENSQS LGGQIVLGG SDPQHYEGN 
FHYINLIKT GVWQIQMKG VSVGSSTLL 
CEDGCLALV DTGASYISG STSSIEKLM 
EALGAKKRL FDYVVKCNE GPTLPDISF 
HLGGKEYTL TSADYVFQE SYSSKKLCT 
LAIHAMDIP PPTGPTWAL GATFIRKFY 
TEFDRRNNR IGFALAR
    UniProt P00797-1

    Links to other resources

    UniProt P00797
    Ensembl ENST00000272190
    KEGG hsa:5972

    • Anatomical structure: kidney

      • Juxtaglomerular cells in the kidney release the enzymatic hormone renin.

      Influenced by:

      • renin receptor
        in kidney
        • The (pro)renin receptor binds both renin and prorenin and is reported to increase the catalytic efficiency of renin and activate prorenin. [1]
        • Thus, binding of renin and prorenin not only stimulates the (pro)renin receptor but also increases angiotensin II formation, leading to angiotensin II type 1 receptor stimulation. [2]
      • Succinate receptor 1
        in kidney
        • Succinate has been shown to cause renin release from the kidney [3]

    • Anatomical structure: Goormaghtighs_cell

      Influenced by:

      • CaSR
        in Goormaghtighs_cell
        • CaSRs modulate renin release both in vitro and in vivo. CaSRs play a role as a regulatory pathway of renin release. [4]
        • Activation of CaSR significantly decreases both JG cell cAMP formation and renin release by ~45%. Juxtaglomerular cells express CaSR, and CaSR respond to changes in extracellular calcium to modify or activate calcium-mediated intracellular signaling. [5]
        • While calcium does not directly control renin secretion, increased calcium inhibits and decreased calcium amplifies cAMP-stimulated renin secretion. [6]
      • beta-1 adrenoreceptor
        in kidney
        • renin secretion from juxtaglomerular cells is mediated by the action on β1-adrenoreceptors of norepinephrine released from renal sympathetic nerve terminals as a result of renal nerve activity [7]
      • angiotensin II type 1 receptor
        in Goormaghtighs_cell
        • Activation of AT1 receptors at the juxtaglomerular apparatus suppresses renin release through the so-called short-loop feedback mechanism. [8]
      • NPR1
        in kidney
        • In humans and experimental animals, administration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) decreases plasma aldosterone levels by inhibiting renin secretion. [9]
        • ANP decreases renin secretion from the juxtaglomerular cells via a PKGII-dependent process (NPR1-involved). [10]

    • Anatomical structure: lipocyte_of_liver

    • Anatomical structure: hepatocyte

    Targets

    Cellrenin receptor
    brain Present
    heart Present
    kidney Present
    Influences
    • ↑ renin
    • ↑ angiotensin II
    placenta Present
    Reference